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Understanding Dynamic Range
- Dynamic range: The ratio between brightest and darkest tones
- Measured in stops: Each stop = 2x light difference
- Human eye: ~20 stops adaptively
- Modern cameras: 12-15 stops
- Print media: ~5-7 stops
- Monitors: 8-10 stops (HDR: 10-14 stops)
Zone System Guide
| Zone 0 | Pure black, no texture |
| Zone I-II | Near black, slight texture |
| Zone III | Dark shadows with detail |
| Zone IV | Dark foliage, shadows |
| Zone V | 18% gray (meter target) |
| Zone VI | Light skin, bright foliage |
| Zone VII | Very light skin, white with texture |
| Zone VIII-IX | Bright white, minimal texture |
| Zone X | Pure white, no texture |